Traduction et analyse de mots par intelligence artificielle ChatGPT
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credibility$17524$ - traduction vers allemand
.jpg?width=200 "George Carlin has been accused of being a sellout for appearing in commercials for MCI, a company he had previously criticized.")
![The [[Bank of Japan]], in Tokyo, established in 1882.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bank of Japan headquarters in Tokyo, Japan.jpg?width=200 "The [[Bank of Japan]], in Tokyo, established in 1882.")
![Banknotes with a face value of 5000 in different currencies. ([[United States dollar]], [[Central African CFA franc]], [[Japanese yen]], [[Italian lira]], and [[French franc]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Billets de 5000.jpg?width=200 "Banknotes with a face value of 5000 in different currencies. ([[United States dollar]], [[Central African CFA franc]], [[Japanese yen]], [[Italian lira]], and [[French franc]])")
![Jiaozi]], redeemable for 770 ''mò''.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hue-tzu (Song Dynasty government issue), 1023 - John E. Sandrock.jpg?width=200 "Jiaozi]], redeemable for 770 ''mò''.")
![Gold certificate]]s were used as [[paper currency]] in the [[United States]] from 1882 to 1933. These certificates were freely convertible into [[gold coin]]s.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Us-gold-certificate-1922.jpg?width=200 "Gold certificate]]s were used as [[paper currency]] in the [[United States]] from 1882 to 1933. These certificates were freely convertible into [[gold coin]]s.")
![The [[Bank of Finland]], in [[Helsinki]], established in 1812.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/BankofFinlandSuomenPankkiFinlandsBank.jpg?width=200 "The [[Bank of Finland]], in [[Helsinki]], established in 1812.")
![The headquarters of the [[Bank for International Settlements]], in [[Basel]] ([[Switzerland]]).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Basel - Bank für internationalen Zahlungsausgleich3.jpg?width=200 "The headquarters of the [[Bank for International Settlements]], in [[Basel]] ([[Switzerland]]).")
![The [[Reserve Bank of India]] (established in 1935) Headquarters in [[Mumbai]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RBI-Tower.jpg?width=200 "The [[Reserve Bank of India]] (established in 1935) Headquarters in [[Mumbai]].")
![The [[Central Bank of Brazil]] (established in 1964) in [[Brasília]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Central Bank of Brazil.jpg?width=200 "The [[Central Bank of Brazil]] (established in 1964) in [[Brasília]].")
![The [[Bank of Spain]] (established in 1782) in [[Madrid]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Banco de España (Madrid) 06.jpg?width=200 "The [[Bank of Spain]] (established in 1782) in [[Madrid]].")
Définition
Wikipédia
Credibility theory is a branch of actuarial mathematics concerned with determining risk premiums. It is employed to combine multiple estimates into a summary estimate that takes into account information on the accuracy of the initial estimates. For example, in group health insurance an insurer is interested in calculating the risk premium, , (i.e. the theoretical expected claims amount) for a particular employer in the coming year. The insurer will likely have an estimate of historical overall claims experience, , as well as a more specific estimate for the employer in question, . Assigning a credibility factor, , to the overall claims experience (and the reciprocal to employer experience) allows the insurer to get a more accurate estimate of the risk premium in the following manner:
The credibility factor is derived by calculating the maximum likelihood estimate which would minimise the error of estimate. Assuming the variance of and are known quantities taking on the values and respectively, it can be shown that should be equal to: Therefore, the more uncertainty the estimate has, the lower is its credibility.